Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources
BOOKS
Boom, Corrie ten, John Sherrill, and Elizabeth Sherrill. The Hiding Place. Old Tappan, New Jersey: Fleming H. Revell Company.
1971.
While reading The Hiding Place we learned how hard it would have been to live during this time period and how hard it would have been to go to the concentration camps.
Halecki Oscar. Slavonic and East European Review. American Series. The American Association for the Advancement of Slavic
Studies, May 1944.
From this book we gathered information on how Poland planned to regain its economy and rebuild from the destruction caused by the war.
Mundy, Susi Hasel. A Thousand Shall Fall. Hagerstown, MD: Review and Herald® Publishing Association, 2001.
In this book, the author gives us insight into the lives of the German civilians during World War II. It was also helpful in showing what the lives of the German soldiers were like during the war.
CARTOONS
“I am the friend of all the small countries.” Lustige Blatter. 1941: 19.
This cartoon opened our eyes to the lies the Nazi party spread to the German people.
GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS
Poland. Warsaw Ghetto. LEBENSMITTELKARTE. Dec. 1940.
We were fortunate to have access to a Jewish ration card and learned from it that they were limited to 184 calories per day.
United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation Files. Adolf Hitler. Washington, D.C., 13 Nov. 1945.
We discovered what the views the United States government held according to the war.
United States. Office of Price Administration. War Ration Book One. 4 May 1942.
Our knowledge of ration books was increased by this government document. This showed us how strictly the United States monitored rationing in the wake of World War II.
INTERVIEWS
Sander, Sam. Movie Interview. Midwest Center for Holocaust Education.
After watching this movie interview, we realized that the reason the survivors of concentration camps survived was because of their rare opportunity to persuade influential people who later helped them survive.
Seltzer, Sefanie. Email Interview. 17 March 2009.
Sefanie Seltzer was a survivor of the Holocaust. She survived through courage and obedience to those who told her how to stay safe. She explained the dangers and fears of hiding from the enemy.
Wegener, Edgar. Personal Interview. 23 Dec. 2008.
This interview taught us how people in the Midwest United States responded to World War II and how it affected their daily lives.
Wegener, Frances. Personal Interview. 23 Dec. 2008.
While visiting with Frances, we learned how people, like her, on a farm had plenty of food but still felt the effects of the war that other Americans dealt with such as gasoline rationing.
Zajdman, Renata. Personal Interview. 16 April 2009.
Renata Zajdman gave us much insight into the lives of people living in Poland before and after the Holocaust. She really stressed the influence that her parents had on her. Her parents instilled in her a very good sense of right and wrong.
LETTERS
Overman, Russell. Letter to Betty Bellamy. 3 Dec. 1943.
This letter informed us that soldiers were surprised and very glad to receive mail from their loved ones back home. The letter developed our understanding of the sadness and loneliness soldiers felt overseas.
MAGAZINE
“Vanishing Jews.” Newsweek. December 1942: 46.
We gained valuable insight by reading this article on how the Nazi’s and their puppet governments exterminated and deported the Jewish people. We also learned how the various world powers responded.
MAPS OR CHARTS
Warsaw, Poland. Map. Warsaw Ghetto: Warsaw, 1941.
This map gave us a perspective of how small of an area thousands of Jews and refugees were sent to live.
Map of Europe. Map. Holocaust Survivor Oral History Archive.
We found this map, messed with it on Photoshop, and then ultimately decided to use it in our website.
MICROFILM
“Nazi Propaganda Seeks to Arouse World Sympathy for Germans as Main Defense Against Red Menace.” The Pittsburg
Headliner Feb. 19, 1943: Pittsburg Public Library: Role. 131.
We were surprised to find that even though the Nazi party was losing the war they started, they were still fighting to attain world sympathy.
NEWSPAPERS
“Acts of Sabotage and Armed Self-defense.” “Information Bulletin”. 14 March 1943.
This article gave us an idea of the subtle propaganda the Warsaw Underground gave to the refugees living there.
Kennedy, Edward. “Capitals Poised to Put Official Stamp on V-E.” Tulsa Tribune. 7 May 1945.
Descriptive newspaper articles, such as this one, aided us in learning how the end of the war in Europe came about and how the world responded.
PAMPHLETS
Der Reichsfuhrer SS/SS-Hauptamt. Rassenpolitik. Berlin, 1943.
By reading this pamphlet, we learned how the Germans justified their extermination of the non-Aryan races and why they believed the non-Aryan races were sub-human.
PHOTOS
An excursion of Western journalists surveys the ruins of Warsaw. Warsaw: Ruined and Rebuild. 1944.
From this photograph, we were able to actually see the destruction that was brought upon the Warsaw Ghetto.
A Soviet honor guard stands next to the stone “stairs of death.” National Archives, USHMM Photo Archives. May 5, 1945 – Aug.
1945.
The stairs in this photo were the ones that the prisoners at Mauthausen were forced to walk up carrying large rocks on their backs. This showed us the extent the Nazi party would go to, to inflict pain on their prisoners.
Children Sneaking Through the Warsaw Gates. Archives of Documentary And Film Studio. 1943.
We were able to see the desperate measures the children of the Warsaw Ghetto had to go to, to stay alive.
City in Flames. Collections of the Jewish Historical Institute. 1943.
This photograph showed us the destruction caused by the fire and the means to stop the fire from burning down a larger portion of Warsaw.
Franz Ziereis The Commandant of Mauthausen. Andras Tsagatakis Collection, USHMM Photo Archives. 1945.
The photograph taken is a picture of the “boss” of Mauthausen concentration camp. This photo showed us what Franz Ziereis looked like.
It’s So Quiet Now. Franz Amicale Collection, USHMM Photos Archive. July 1941.
We discovered, from this photo, some of the atrocities the Nazi party committed to the prisoners held in their concentration camps.
New arrivals at the “Klagemauer.” National Archives and Records Administration, USHMM Photo Archives. 1943-1944.
From this photograph we were able to see the forlorn looks on the prisoners’ faces at the “Klagemauer”. The looks on their faces tugged at our hearts for you could see that they saw the ugly road before them.
Polish Underground’s “Information Bulletin”. Warsaw Ghetto. 29 March 1940.
We were fortunate to see an authentic photo from an article from the Underground’s newspaper. We learned that these papers played an influential role in the Polish inhabitants of Warsaw’s lives.
Prisoners carry large stones up the “stairs of death.” Archiveder KZ-Gedenkstaette, USHMM Photo Archives. 1942.
We wanted to research a little more on the “stairs of death” and we came across a photo showing prisoners actually carrying rocks up the stairs.
Sempolinski, L. The Old Town Square. Warsaw: Ruined and Rebuild. 1945.
This source was instrumental in helping us see what a wasteland Warsaw became after being bombed in the war.
Size of Jewish Population in Warsaw. Collections of the Jewish Historical Institute. 1940.
We learned of the long lines of refugees from this photo. This was due to influxes of people from other parts of the capital.
Soldiers Suppressing the Uprising. Central Commission for the Investigation of Crimes against the Polish Nation. 1944.
We were surprised by the strictness of the Nazis retaliation to the uprising at the Warsaw Ghetto.
Spanish Republicans at forced labor in the quarry at Mauthausen. Francisco Boix Collection, USHMM Photo Archives. 1942.
From this we were able to see the working conditions at the concentration camp Mauthausen.
Ringelblum Archive being unburied. Collections of the Jewish Historical Institute. 1944.
We viewed this photograph and it showed us just how careful the Underground was concerning the documentation of the lives of Polish Jews during the German occupation.
Wiener Graben (Rock Quarry). Mauthausen Museum Archives, USHMM Photo Archives. 1945.
By looking at the photo we saw some of the conditions the prisoners had to work under and the size of the rocks the prisoners were forced to carry.
SPEECHES
Churchill, Sir Winston. Their Finest Hour. House of Commons. London, England. 18 June 1940.
Churchill spoke to the House of Commons shortly after Germany had conquered France. His speech showed us the resolve and determination of the British people not to be taken over by the Nazis.
Hitler, Adolf. Reichstag. Berlin, Germany. 30 January 1937.
Hitler's speech was full of propaganda and straight out lies. It showed us the extent that Hitler and the Nazis would go to to get support for their cause. This also showed us how the felt about their racial policy.
Zajdman, Renata. Irena Sendler.World Premiere of The Courageous Heart of Irena Sendler. Fort Scott, Kansas. 15 April 2009.
Renata Zajdman survived the Holocaust by being rescued by Irena Sendler and Zegota. She was a valuable source in understanding those who were rescued. She lives her life to help preserve the memory of the Holocaust and those who risked thier lives to save others.
Secondary Sources
BOOKS
Afkhami, Darian, et al. A Student’s Dictionary. Sullivan’s Island, South Carolina: The Dictionary Project, Inc. 2007.
Sources such as this dictionary were valuable in supplying needed definitions to words closely related to our topic.
Benge, Geoff and Janet Benge. Corrie Ten Boom. Seattle: YWAM, 1999.
In this book, we learned much about the things that Europeans had to go through during World War II. We learned about the courage and fortitude of rescuers during the Holocaust.
Berenbaum, Michael. The World Must Know. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1993.
The US Holocaust Memorial Museum was responsible for this book. It was full of primary photos and artifacts. It was very helpful in furthering our knowledge of the Holocaust and World War II.
Bovsun, and Allan Zullo. Heroes of the Holocaust. New York: Scholastic, 2005.
We learned about several different perspectives of how people saved refugees and Jews in various countries from the Nazis.
Boyle, David. World War II in Photographs. Fairfield: Rebo Productions, 2001.
This source was instrumental in helping us to visualize the horror of war that was apparent in World War II.
Chant, Fowler, Humble, and Jenny Shaw. Hitler’s Generals. Spain: Salamander,1998.
We saw Hitler and his generals planning and strategizing against the allied forces from reading and looking through this book.
Grupinska, Anka, Jan Jagielski, and Pawel Szapiro. Warsaw Ghetto; Getto
Warszawskic. Marki: PARMA® PRESS, 2004.
By reading this book, we were able to learn about the Warsaw Ghetto and the difficulties that accompanied the people who lived there.
Galblum, Trudi. From The Heart. Kansas City, Missouri : Kansas City Star Books, 2001.
This source helped us find many biographies of holocaust survivors, recounting their lives before, during, and after the war. This was a very valuable resource to us by showing us the views that different people held through their lives about the war.
Jablonsey, K. and Jaroslaw Zielinsk. Warsaw Ruined and Rebuilt. Warsaw: Festina, 2001.
We were able to gather many valuable resources that helped us better understand the hardships that many of the refugees faced.
Tomaszewski, Irene and Tecia Werbowski. Zegota. Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1994.
Because of this source, we were able to see exactly how the underground was able to rescue thousands of Jews without being caught by the Nazis.
Yad Vashem. Those Who Helped. Polish Society for the Righteous Among the Nations. Warszawa, 1997.
We were surprised to find the vast number of people that had been awarded the Righteous Gentiles medal from Yad Vashem.
INTERNET
Harrington, Michael “Henryk Slawik” [http;//www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=30066770]. 25 Sept. 2008.
When we read the article we learned what happened to Henryk’s family after he died.
“Henryk Slawik” [http://www.Masterliness.com/a/Henryk.Slawik.htm].
We learned of Henryk’s life prior to going underground in this article.
Metzler, David. “Raoul Wallenberg.” [http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/wallenberg.html]. 12 Oct. 2008.
When we visited this site, it developed our thoughts on the similarities between Henryk Slawik and Raoul Wallenberg.
Pustulka, Agata. “Henry Slawik will finally have a monument” [http://74.125.93.104/translate_c?hl=wn&sl=pl&u=http://Katowice.
naszemiasto.pl/wydarze.htm]. 1 Oct. 2008.
We learned how Henryk Slawik is appreciated in Poland by reviewing the information on this site.
Rond, Grace “Memories to forget” [http://www.holocaustforgotten.com/HolocaustArtist.htm].
We got an idea of how things were before and during the war when we read this article.
Rosenberg, Jennifer. “How many Jews Were Murdered.” [http://history1900 s.about.com/library/holocaust/bldied.htm]. 2008.
We learned in this article an estimated amount of how many people were murdered by the Nazis.
Stewart, David O. “Henryk Slawik – The Polish Wallenberg” [http://stewartbi ketrip.blogspot.com/2008/07/henryk-slawik-polish-
wallenberg.html]. 11 July 2008.
While reading this Internet article, we began thinking about the similarities between Henryk Slawik and Raoul Wallenberg, which we then researched further.
MAPS OR CHARTS
Mauthausen. Map. Washington, D.C.: US Holocaust Memorial Museum. 2009. [http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/media_nm.php?lang=en&
ModuleId=10005196&MediaId=415].
We found this map helpful in establishing in our minds how the concentration camp that Henryk was sent to looked like. It helped us see how the camps were set up and laid out.
Poland. Map. Washington, D.C.: Federal Aviation Administration. 2009.
[www.faa.gov].
Maps such as this one, aided us in visualizing Poland and its bordering countries.
MOVIES
The Courageous Heart of Irena Sendler. Director John Kent Harrison. Performances by Anna Paquin. Hallmark Hall of Fame, 19 April
2009.
Irena Sendler did so much and wanted to do even more during the Holocaust even though she was captured and tortured. Her courage never faltered through the many hardships she encountered. The movie gave us a glimpse into the lives of rescuers during the Holocaust.
The Hiding Place. Director James F. Collier. Performances by Julie Harris. World Wide Pictures, 15 February 1977.
After we watched this movie we held a more personal feeling between us and all of the people who survived holocaust concentration camps.
NEWSPAPERS
Lambert, Frank. “Henryk Slawik – the Polish Wallenberg.” The Jewish Tribune. 27 September 2007. Pg. 7.
We learned just how instrumental Henryk Slawik was in the saving of Jews in Poland.
PERFORMANCE
Life in a Jar. Dir. Norman Conard. Performances by Megan Felt, Jaime Walker, Travis Stewart, and Ellie Perrey. Pittsburg
Memorial Auditorium. 4 October 2008.
From this performance, we gathered vital information regarding ghettos and the atrocities that took place within their walls.
PHOTOS
Henryk Slawik. [http://jewish.org.pl/dzieciholocaustu.org.pl/szab5.php?s=sprawiedliwi_07.php]
We used this photograph as the dominant photo on our website. It was interesting to see how Henryk looked.